上海托福准备课程培训班

【适宜学生】

8~9年级

【课时】

40小时

【课程内容】

- 进一步加强词汇积累，拓展单词量至6000个单词，涵盖托福学习与考试所必须的核心词汇。

- 上海托福培训教大家熟悉强化语法基础，学习理解托福基础核心的语法能力，熟练掌握托福语法并进行运用练习。

- 阅读方面以简单文章为核心，实践与运用词汇以及各类语法现象，锻炼理解与阅读短文的能力。

【托福考试注重事项】

主谓一致指的是主语和谓语在数上要保持一致. 在英语除了时态的变化外,名词、动词的数也有差别,这就要求主语(以名词为代表)和谓语(包括助动词)在数上要一致
如:

1. 在名词+of+名词这种结构中, 前一个名词是整个短语的中心词, 当该短语作主语时,一般以 of 之前名 词的数为依据确定谓语的数. one of 之后需接复数名词,但 one of+名词作主语时中心词是 one,故谓语应用单数 One of my students wins the game.

例题: One of the wildest and most inaccessible parts of the United States are the everglades where wildlife is abundant and largely protected.

答案:are
应改为:is
解释:句子的主语是 one 而不是 parts, 谓语动词应与主语一致, 也用单数 词汇:inaccessible: 难以到达的

2. 由 and 连接的多个名词作主语,谓语动词应用复数 Career and love are important to me.Jim, John and Mary are playing football.

但是如果用 and 连接起来表示单一的概念时,谓语动词要用单数
The famous singer and actress, Whitney Huston is coming to the ceremony. (在这里, singer 和 actress 指得是同一人, 都是Whitney Huston)

例题:
(1)
The novel or short story are the literary forms most typically called fiction.

答案:or应改为:and
解释:谓语 are 是复数,而 or 连接的主语是单数,为保持一致,or 应改为 and

(2)Magnificent mountains and coastal scenery is British Columbia's chief tourist attractions.

答案:is应改为:are
解释:主语 mountains and scenery 是复数,谓语应保持一致,改为复数 are

3. 不可数名词,尤其是抽象名词(relation, authority, necessity, power, democracy, young 等)作主语时要视为单数,谓语自然也要用单数 The relation between us is very simple.

例题 Nearly 75 percent of the land of the Canadian province of British Columbia are covered by forests.

答案:are应改为:is
解释:主语 land 是不可数名词,应视为单数,谓语应保持一致,改为 is。

4. 单个从句作主语时,谓语用单数
That she has gone insane is sheer rumor. When they will come hasn't been made public.

5. 如果主语是单数,那么即使后面有 with/ together with/ along with/accompanied by, no less than, like, but, except, including, besides 等引导的短语,谓语动词仍然要是用单数。例如:The boy, together with his parents, goes to the cinema today.
No one except the two boys knows how to solve this problem.

6. 由 Not A but B, Not only A but also B, either A or B, neither A nor B 引导的主语,谓语通常 和邻近的主语相一致
Either you or Mary hurts her. Neither my wife nor I myself am able to persuade my daughter to change her mind. Not you but he is tired of typing. Not only the students but also the teacher is going to be blamed.

7.在 there be 句型、介词短语、副词为句首引起的倒装句中,真正的主语通常在谓语的后面,谓语应该和 后面的主语在数方面相一致。
但是在 there be 句型中,如果有两个或者两个以上的主语,必须和接近他的那个主语相一致。
There are a lot of books on the table. There is only one pencil, two books and one cup on the table.Many a time has he given us good advice.

例题: (1) The first libraries in the North American colonies was established in Massachusetts in the year 1638.

答案: libraries应改为:library. 解释:谓语部分是单数形式, 主语需与其一致。

(2)The ritual combat of animals are triggered by precise signals.

答案:are应改为:is.
解释:此句为简单句, 主语 combat 是单数形式, 谓语动词应与之一致, 用 be 动词的第三人称单数形式

(3)Mahogany is often considered the finest cabinet wood because they has most of the qualities desired for furniture making.

答案:they应改为:it.
解释:从句中谓语 has 是单数形式,主语应一致,用单数。

【教学环境】